The bigger operations that consist of the hard rock methods of mining, that engage in the black market, process the gold to variable stages on the properties to which it is mined from. Some pour it into dore bars and send it out of the country to refineries for further purification. In Peru, for the hard rock, silver is a common contributer to unrefined gold bars which need to be seperated at a further stage during the process, thus the shipment out of the country and easy distribution from the illegal refineries to the buyers market. Some of the natural purer dore bars are shipped directly to vessels and taken to off shore tax havens where it is cached and later moved, if desired for further purification.

There is something major set to happen in South America this year.