I am pretty sure that there are also a lot of "Longs" which are at least flipping some of there share with trading.
Those longs are also part of the PPS movement of course. So nobody should say it is only the manipulation or so ever. A lot people even stated here that they are trying to use the up and down movements - this is increasing those movements (trends) of course.
I for myself bought originally some trading positions which in the end I have never sold as I was too fearfull to miss the right moment. ;-)