Halving again

mining.com
By: Frik Els
February 6, 2015

Iron ore permabear Xie now expects price in $30s


On Friday, the iron ore price bounced of fresh five-and-half year lows reached yesterday, but the pervasive sentiment remains ultra-bearish in a market coping with a massive supply glut.

The 62% Fe benchmark import price including freight and insurance at the port of Tianjin tracked by The SteelIndex added $0.70 or 1.1% to $61.80 a tonne on Friday.

So far in 2015 the price has fallen over 15% following a year in which the commodity nearly halved in value.

Most other analysts see prices consolidating around the $60 a tonne level this year with a pick-up by 2017 at the earliest.

According to Andy Xie, an independent economist who has been calling a steep decline in the price of the steelmaking ingredient for years, there's much more pain ahead.

Bloomberg Business quotes Xie as saying the price will slump into the $30s this year as low-cost supplies from Brazil and Australia continues to rise and steel demand in China shrinks:

"When it peaked at $190, I started talking about a collapse and nobody believed me," Shanghai-based Xie, a former Asia-Pacific chief economist at Morgan Stanley, said in a phone interview on Thursday. "We need to see prices much, much lower. It can still go down through $40 before we bounce back."

Xie believes iron ore will average $50 a tonne this year, but prices "need to decline to a level that’s so painful higher-cost Chinese mines will be forced to give up."

The country's domestic miners produce some 350 million – 400 million tonnes a year on a 62% Fe-basis.

Pressure on domestic Chinese iron ore miners which have successfully defended prices up to now is building particularly given estimates that around one-third of the many small mines struggling with low iron ore content (average close to 20%) have costs per tonne of more than $100.

But a collapse in Chinese production is unlikely because a large number of mines are owned by steel companies or are located very close to steel plants making mine closure at these vertically-integrated operations a last resort.

In addition "the desire to preserve employment and regional revenues in China’s provinces often helps to sustain loss-making industries for some time" and there is considerable scope for consolidation and rationalization which could help drive down costs.