Tells Me: For bullish events, we seem to be in a new uptrend now that the price has recovered from oversold (dropped below -80 then rose above). The opposite is true for bearish events where we seem to be in a new downtrend now that the price has recovered from overbought. Meanwhile there is clear evidence that the trend has reversed (continued through the -50 level). Williams %R is built on the premise that as prices increase, "close" prices tend to be closer to the upper end of the recent price range, and vice versa. The oscillator looks at the most recent "close" price as a percentage of the high-to-low price range over a specified period of time (14 bars) so when %R is high, it's likely we're seeing upward pressure, and vice versa. The line fluctuates between 0 and -100 with -20 and -80 often used to identify overbought and oversold conditions.

Tells Me: The price is relatively far from its 20-bar average price. The Commodity Channel Index (CCI) measures the deviation of the price from its average value (comparing to a chosen moving average, typically 20 bars). The oscillator is normalized by dividing by the typical deviation, so we get an oscillator fluctuating roughly between +100 and -100. Many traders use these as overbought(+100)/oversold(-100) markers and watch for signs of reversal, but original use was to consider long positions when CCI is above +100 (bullish event), and short when below -100 (bearish event). When the price crosses back in between +100 and -100, another event is triggered to indicate an end to the prior bullish or bearish situation and a possible opportunity to close out such a position.

Tells Me: For bullish events, we seem to be in a new uptrend now that the price has recovered from oversold (dropped below -80 then rose above). The opposite is true for bearish events where we seem to be in a new downtrend now that the price has recovered from overbought. Meanwhile there is clear evidence that the trend has reversed (continued through the -50 level). Williams %R is built on the premise that as prices increase, "close" prices tend to be closer to the upper end of the recent price range, and vice versa. The oscillator looks at the most recent "close" price as a percentage of the high-to-low price range over a specified period of time (14 bars) so when %R is high, it's likely we're seeing upward pressure, and vice versa. The line fluctuates between 0 and -100 with -20 and -80 often used to identify overbought and oversold conditions.

Tells Me: The price is generally in an established trend (bullish or bearish) for the time horizon represented by the moving average period (21, 50 or 200 bars). Moving averages are used to smooth out the volatility or "noise" in the price series, to make it easier to discover the underlying trend. By plotting the average price over the last several bars, the line is less "jerky" than plotting the actual prices. A bullish event is generated when the price crosses above the moving average, and in this state, the price is likely in an established uptrend. The opposite is true when the price crosses below the moving average, triggered a bearish event.

Tells Me: The price is generally in an established trend (bullish or bearish) for the time horizon represented by the moving average periods. Moving averages are used to smooth out the volatility or "noise" in the price series, to make it easier to discover the underlying trend. By plotting the average price over the last several bars, the line is less "jerky" than plotting the actual prices. In the triple crossover method, a bullish signal is generated when a faster moving average (4 bar) crosses above an intermediate moving average (9 bar), which in turn crosses above a slower moving average (18 bar). In this state, the price is likely in an established uptrend. The opposite is true when the 4 bar crosses below the 9 bar which in turn crosses below the 18 bar, triggering a bearish event.

The MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) plots the difference between a shorter-term (12-bar) and a longer-term (26-bar) exponential moving average (EMA). Bullish and bearish events are generated respectively as the MACD fluctuates above and below zero to indicate whether prices in the shorter term are stronger or weaker than the longer term average. A 9-period EMA of the MACD is overlayed as a "signal line" which smooths out the MACD to provide a clearer view of whether it's moving upward or downward. A bullish event is generated when the MACD crosses above the signal line, showing that the current MACD is actually higher than its average, a sign of increasing strength for the price. The opposite is true for bearish events which signal decreasing strength in price as the MACD crosses below the signal line showing that it's now below average.

Tells Me: For bullish events, we seem to be in a new uptrend now that the price has recovered from oversold (dropped below -80 then rose above). The opposite is true for bearish events where we seem to be in a new downtrend now that the price has recovered from overbought. Meanwhile there is clear evidence that the trend has reversed (continued through the -50 level). Williams %R is built on the premise that as prices increase, "close" prices tend to be closer to the upper end of the recent price range, and vice versa. The oscillator looks at the most recent "close" price as a percentage of the high-to-low price range over a specified period of time (14 bars) so when %R is high, it's likely we're seeing upward pressure, and vice versa. The line fluctuates between 0 and -100 with -20 and -80 often used to identify overbought and oversold conditions.